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In Yiddish, shtetl simply means "town." How does such an unassuming word come to loom so large in modern Jewish culture, with a proliferation of uses and connotations? By examining the meaning of shtetl, Jeffrey Shandler asks how Jewish life in provincial towns in Eastern Europe has become the subject of extensive creativity, memory, and scholarship from the early modern era in European history to the present. In the post-Holocaust era, the shtetl looms large in public culture as the epitome of a bygone traditional Jewish communal life. People now encounter the Jewish history of these towns through an array of cultural practices, including fiction, documentary photography, film, memoirs, art, heritage tourism, and political activism. At the same time, the shtetl attracts growing scholarly interest, as historians, social scientists, literary critics, and others seek to understand both the complex reality of life in provincial towns and the nature of its wide-ranging remembrance. Shtetl: A Vernacular Intellectual History traces the trajectory of writing about these towns-by Jews and non-Jews, residents and visitors, researchers, novelists, memoirists, journalists and others-to demonstrate how the Yiddish word for "town" emerged as a key word in Jewish culture and studies. Shandler proposes that the intellectual history of the shtetl is best approached as an exemplar of engaging Jewish vernacularity, and that the variable nature of this engagement, far from being a drawback, is central to the subject's enduring interest.

Europe, Eastern -- In literature. --- Jews in literature. --- Shtetls in literature. --- Shtetls. --- Shtetls in literature --- Jews in literature --- Shtetls --- Languages & Literatures --- Literature - General --- Schtetlech --- Schtetls --- Shtetlach --- Cities and towns --- Villages --- Jews --- Shtetls dans la littérature --- Juifs dans la littérature --- History --- Histoire --- Europe, Eastern --- Europe de l'Est --- In literature. --- Dans la littérature

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This volume continues the critical exploration of fundamental issues in the medieval and early modern world, here concerning mental health, spirituality, melancholy, mystical visions, medicine, and well-being. The contributors, who originally had presented their research at a symposium at The University of Arizona in May 2013, explore a wide range of approaches and materials pertinent to these issues, taking us from the early Middle Ages to the eighteenth century, capping the volume with some reflections on the relevance of religion today. Lapidary sciences matter here as much as medical-psychological research, combined with literary and art-historical approaches. The premodern understanding of mental health is not taken as a miraculous panacea for modern problems, but the contributors suggest that medieval and early modern writers, scientists, and artists commanded a considerable amount of arcane, sometimes curious and speculative, knowledge that promises to be of value and relevance even for us today, once again. Modern palliative medicine finds, for instance, intriguing parallels in medieval word magic, and the mystical perspectives encapsulated highly productive alternative perceptions of the macrocosm and microcosm that promise to be insightful and important also for the post-modern world.

History of civilization --- Christian spirituality --- Religious studies --- anno 500-1499 --- 248 "04/14" --- Mental illness in literature. --- Mental illness --- Religion in literature. --- Visions in literature. --- Visions --- Parapsychology --- Religion --- Visionaries --- Religion in drama --- Religion in poetry --- Insanity in literature --- Psychopathology in literature --- Spiritualiteit. Ascese. Mystiek. Vroomheid--Middeleeuwen --- History. --- Mental illness in literature --- Christian literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) --- Maladies mentales dans la littérature --- Maladies mentales --- Littérature chrétienne latine médiévale et moderne --- Religious aspects --- Themes, motives --- Aspect religieux --- Thèmes, motifs --- German literature --- History and criticism. --- Religion in literature --- Visions in literature --- History --- Mental health. --- madness. --- spirituality.

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Elizabeth Spiller studies how early modern attitudes towards race were connected to assumptions about the relationship between the act of reading and the nature of physical identity. As reading was understood to happen in and to the body, what you read could change who you were. In a culture in which learning about the world and its human boundaries came increasingly through reading, one place where histories of race and histories of books intersect is in the minds and bodies of readers. Bringing together ethnic studies, book history and historical phenomenology, this book provides a detailed case study of printed romances and works by Montalvo, Heliodorus, Amyot, Ariosto, Tasso, Cervantes, Munday, Burton, Sidney and Wroth. Reading and the History of Race traces ways in which print culture and the reading practices it encouraged, contributed to shifting understandings of racial and ethnic identity.

Comparative literature --- Thematology --- anno 1500-1599 --- Europe --- Race awareness --- Books and reading --- Race awareness in literature. --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Choice of books --- Evaluation of literature --- Literature --- Reading, Choice of --- Reading and books --- Reading habits --- Reading public --- Reading --- Reading interests --- Reading promotion --- Awareness --- Ethnopsychology --- Ethnic attitudes --- History --- Appraisal --- Evaluation --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Intellectual life --- Blacks in literature. --- Ethnic groups in literature. --- Renaissance --- Revival of letters --- Civilization --- History, Modern --- Civilization, Medieval --- Civilization, Modern --- Humanism --- Middle Ages --- Negroes in literature --- Blacks in literature --- Black people in literature. --- Race awareness. --- History. --- Intellectual life. --- Arts and Humanities

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The Cambridge Companion to Literature and the Environment is an authoritative guide to the exciting new interdisciplinary field of environmental literary criticism. The collection traces the development of ecocriticism from its origins in European pastoral literature and offers fifteen rigorous but accessible essays on the present state of environmental literary scholarship. Contributions from leading experts in the field probe a range of issues, including the place of the human within nature, ecofeminism and gender, engagements with European philosophy and the biological sciences, critical animal studies, postcolonialism, posthumanism, and climate change. A chronology of key publications and bibliography provide ample resources for further reading, making The Cambridge Companion to Literature and the Environment an essential guide for students, teachers, and scholars working in this rapidly developing area of study.

Comparative literature --- Thematology --- Ecocriticism. --- Nature in literature. --- Ecology in literature. --- Environmental literature --- Ecocritique --- Nature dans la littérature --- Ecologie dans la littérature --- Ecologie --- History and criticism. --- Documentation --- Histoire et critique --- Nature --- Écologie --- Écocritique --- Environnement --- Dans la littérature --- Nature dans la littérature --- Ecologie dans la littérature --- Dans la littérature. --- Écocritique. --- Ecocriticism --- Nature in literature --- Ecology in literature --- Nature in poetry --- Ecological literary criticism --- Environmental literary criticism --- Criticism --- History and criticism

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What does Afro-Europe signify? This volume explores the concept and possibility of a black European community by analysing the ways in which contemporary Francophone African writers articulate and interrogate their complex relationships with European society, culture and history. Through the different contributions in this volume, readers will discover the symbiotic ways in which Africa has transformed/been transformed (in/by) Europe and in turn how Africanness has (re)defined Europeanness. To this end, the volume places scholarly articles addressing the relationship between the francophone and Afro-European context alongside new, specially commissioned short stories and essays by some of the most critically-acclaimed and influential producers of Afropean writing today: Fatou Diome, Alain Mabanckou, Léonora Miano, Wilfried N'Sondé, Sami Tchak and Abdourahman Waberi. Works by these authors are discussed in and across the scholarly interventions, generating dialogue around what it means to be 'Francophone' and 'Afropean' in the twenty-first century. At a time when it is no longer easy to define what Europe really is, this book considers to what extent the category 'Afropean' may prove helpful in improving our understanding of the complex ways in which minority communities conceive of identity in Europe today and address the range of issues impacting them. The notion of 'Afropeanism' is of course relatively new, and this book does not claim to offer an exhaustive analysis of the term's usage and/or potential pertinence. Rather, the cultural, political, and social circumstances of Europe today are reflected in discussions surrounding the term and perhaps not surprisingly, in the diverse and diverging perspectives adopted by the scholars and creative writers in this volume.

French literature (outside France) --- Comparative literature --- Africa --- Europe --- African literature (French) --- History and criticism --- In literature --- Civilization --- Western influences --- African influences --- History and criticism. --- In literature. --- Western influences. --- African influences. --- European influences --- Occidental influences --- African literature (French) - History and criticism --- Europe - In literature --- Africa - Civilization - Western influences --- Europe - Civilization - African influences